Msonkhano wa Hyper Japan Shogi (Japan Chess) Msonkhano wa 2025
Msonkhano wa Hyper Japan Shogi (Japan Chess) Msonkhano wa 2025
Chikondwerero cha Hyper Japan 2025, chomwe chinachitika kuyambira pa Julayi 18 mpaka 20 ku Olympia Events ku London, ndi chikondwerero choyambirira ku UK cha chikhalidwe cha ku Japan, chomwe chimakopa anthu masauzande ambiri kuti azipeza chakudya, zojambulajambula, zisudzo, ndi masewera achikhalidwe. Zina mwazopereka zake zodziwika bwino ndi Shogi (Japanese Chess) Masterclass, msonkhano wothandiza anthu kuti adziwe zakuya kwa shogi, masewera otchuka kwambiri ku Japan, omwe nthawi zambiri amafanizidwa ndi Western chess koma odziwika ndi makina apadera monga madontho a zidutswa. Motsogozedwa ndi alangizi odziwa zambiri, omwe angakhale ogwirizana ndi mabungwe monga Japan Shogi Association, kalasiyi imapereka mwayi kwa oyamba kumene ndi osewera apakatikati, kupereka mwayi wopita ku masewera omwe amalemekezedwa ngati zojambulajambula ku Japan, pamodzi ndi zikhalidwe monga miyambo ya tiyi ndi ikebana. Ophunzira adzalandira luso lothandizira, zidziwitso zachidziwitso, komanso kuyamikira chikhalidwe cha shogi mu cholowa cha Japan, ndikusiya ndi chidaliro kuti azisewera ndi kufufuza masewerawa mowonjezereka.
Zomwe Mungaphunzire
Shogi Masterclass ku Hyper Japan 2025 imapereka chidziwitso chokwanira cha shogi, kupatsa ophunzira maluso oti azisewera ndikuyamikira zovuta zake. Muphunzira malamulo a shogi, omwe amaseweredwa pa bolodi la 9 × 9 ndi zidutswa 20 pa wosewera aliyense, kuphatikiza mfumu, rook, bishopu, akazembe a golide, akazembe asiliva, zida, mikondo ndi zidole. Mosiyana ndi Western chess, shogi amalola zidutswa zogwidwa kuti "zigwetsedwe" pa bolodi ngati gawo la mphamvu zanu, makina omwe mungawadziwe bwino pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowongoleredwa. Msonkhanowu umakhala ndi mayendedwe ang'onoang'ono, monga mfumu kusuntha masikweya mbali iliyonse, ma rooks akuyenda mopingasa kapena moyimirira, mabishopu akuyenda mozungulira, komanso malamulo apadera opititsa patsogolo pomwe zidutswa zambiri zimakulitsa luso pamizere itatu yomaliza ya otsutsa. Mudzafufuza njira zoyambira zoyambira, kuphatikiza kupanga "nyumba yachifumu" kuti muteteze mfumu yanu, ndikuwukira magulu ngati kupititsa patsogolo ma pawns mothandizidwa ndi rook kapena bishopu. Kalasiyo imayambitsa malingaliro anzeru monga tsume-shogi (mapuzzles a checkmate), ndikukuphunzitsani kuzindikira machitidwe owerengera ndikuwerengera mayendedwe bwino. Muphunziranso tanthauzo la chikhalidwe cha shogi, kulumikizana kwake ndi njira ya samurai, komanso kutchuka kwake kwamakono kudzera mwa ziwerengero monga Yoshiharu Habu ndi Sota Fujii. Pamapeto pake, otenga nawo mbali azisewera masewera onse, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe adaphunzira, ndikulandila malangizo owongolera kudzera pamapulatifomu apa intaneti ndi makalabu akomweko.
Kapangidwe ka Phunziro
Shogi Masterclass, yomwe imakhalapo pafupifupi 1.5 mpaka maola a 2, idapangidwa mwanzeru kuti igwirizane ndi maphunziro aukadaulo, machitidwe ogwirira ntchito, komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu, kuwonetsetsa kuti onse omwe atenga nawo mbali azikhala okhudzidwa komanso opezekapo. Gawoli limayamba ndi chidziwitso cha mphindi 15 ku mbiri ya shogi ndi chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe, choperekedwa ndi mphunzitsi, yemwe angatengere luso la akatswiri a shogi kapena mabungwe am'deralo monga London Shogi Club. Gawoli likuwonetsa komwe shogi adachokera, kusinthika kwake kuchokera ku chaturanga yamasewera aku India, komanso udindo wake ngati luso komanso luso laukadaulo ku Japan, zomwe zidayambitsa maphunziro othandiza.
Pambuyo pa mawu oyamba, mlangizi akuwonetsa kwa mphindi 20 zoyambira za shogi. Pogwiritsa ntchito bolodi lalikulu lachiwonetsero, amafotokozera 9 × 9 gridi, kuika zidutswa, ndi malamulo oyendayenda. Chidutswa chilichonse—mfumu, rook, bishopu, kazembe wa golidi, mkulu wankhondo wa siliva, msilikali, mikondo, ndi pawn—chimayambitsidwa ndi kachitidwe kake ka kanji ndi kayendedwe kake. Mwachitsanzo, mkondowo umasunthira patsogolo mabwalo angapo, pomwe gululo limadumpha ngati L koma kutsogolo. Mlangizi akutsindika lamulo la "dontho", pomwe zidutswa zomwe zidalandidwa zitha kubwezeretsedwanso, ndikufotokozera madera otsatsa (mizere itatu yomaliza ya otsutsa) pomwe zidutswa ngati ma pawn zimakhala "tokin," kupeza mayendedwe ngati mfumu. Zothandizira zowoneka, monga zithunzi kapena projekita ya digito, zimamveketsa bwino makinawa kwa oyamba omwe sadziwa masewera ngati chess.
Msonkhanowu ukusintha kukhala gawo la mphindi 30, pomwe ophunzira amagawidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono kapena awiriawiri kuti awonetsetse chidwi chawo. Wophunzira aliyense amalandira seti ya shogi, ndipo mlangizi amawatsogolera pokhazikitsa bolodi: ma pawn pamzere wachitatu, ma rooks ndi mabishopu pamzere wachiwiri, ndi zidutswa zina pamzere woyamba, pomwe mfumu ili pakati. Ophunzira amayesetsa kusuntha zidutswa zikuyang'aniridwa, kuyang'ana kwambiri zamayendedwe ovomerezeka ndi njira zoyambira, monga kujambula chidutswa cha mdani kapena kugwetsa mwanzeru chidutswa chomwe wagwidwa. Mlangizi amayambitsa zovuta za tsume-shogi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kusuntha kamodzi kapena katatu, kuti apange kuzindikira. Mwachitsanzo, mungayesetse kuponya chiwongola dzanja kuti mutseke mfumu ya mdaniyo kapena kusuntha mkulu wankhondo kuti atseke njira yopulumukira. Ndemanga zimaperekedwa kuti ziwongolere zolakwika, monga kugwetsa kosaloledwa (mwachitsanzo, kuyika chiboliboli pagawo pomwe pawn yosakwezedwa ilipo kale).
Maminitsi 25 otsatirawa amaperekedwa kuti azisewera masewera afupiafupi kapena masewera olumala, kumene oyamba kumene amakumana ndi mphunzitsi kapena wodzipereka ali ndi phindu lachidutswa (mwachitsanzo, wosewera wamphamvu amayamba popanda rook). Izi zimathandiza ophunzira kuti agwiritse ntchito malamulo omwe aphunziridwa pamasewera enieni, akukumana ndi kayendetsedwe kake ka shogi ndi chitetezo. Mlangizi amazungulira, kupereka malangizo pa njira, monga kumanga linga lodzitchinjiriza kapena kugwirizanitsa zidutswa za kuwukira m'mphepete mwa gululo. Ophunzira akulimbikitsidwa kuyesa madontho, kuphunzira momwe kutsika kwa bishopu wanthawi yake kungasinthire mphamvu. Gawo la masewerawa limapangitsa kuti pakhale chisangalalo komanso kucheza, pomwe otenga nawo mbali nthawi zambiri amaseka chifukwa cha mayendedwe anzeru kapena kujambula mosayembekezereka.
Gawoli likutha ndi kutha kwa mphindi 15, kuphatikizapo phunziro laling'ono la chikhalidwe cha shogi ndi momwe angapitirizire kuphunzira. Mlangizi akhoza kugawana nkhani za osewera otchuka monga Sota Fujii, yemwe ali ndi maudindo akuluakulu asanu ndi atatu a shogi, kapena kukambirana za kukhalapo kwa shogi ku Japan yamakono, monga Tendo Cherry Blossom Festival's human shogi match. Otenga nawo mbali amalandira chopereka chokhala ndi malamulo oyambira, zofunikira zolimbikitsira, ndi tsatanetsatane wolowa nawo m'magulu a shogi kapena nsanja zapaintaneti ngati Lishogi. Gawo la Q&A limalola opezekapo kuti afotokoze zokayikitsa, monga ma nuances okweza kapena kusiya zoletsa. Msonkhanowu umatha ndi mwayi wosankha chithunzi ndi ma seti a shogi, kulimbikitsa ophunzira kuti afotokoze zomwe akumana nazo ku Hyper Japan. Kamangidwe kameneka n’kabwino kongoyamba kumene, kamene sikafuna kudziwa zambiri, ndipo ndi koyenera kwa anthu azaka 10 kupita m’mwamba, ndipo ana ang’onoang’ono amafunika kuyang’aniridwa ndi akuluakulu. Tikiti yowonjezera ikufunika pamodzi ndi kuvomereza chikondwerero, kuwonetsetsa mwayi wopeza masterclass yapaderayi.
Zipangizo Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito
Msonkhanowu umapereka zida zonse zofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti mukuphunzira mopanda malire. Ophunzira amagwiritsa ntchito ma seti a shogi, opangidwa ndi 9 × 9 matabwa kapena pulasitiki bolodi yokhala ndi mabwalo 81 ndi zidutswa za 40 zooneka ngati pentagon (20 pa osewera). Zidutswazo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi matabwa kapena pulasitiki, zimalembedwa ndi zilembo za kanji zosonyeza mtundu wake (mwachitsanzo, 王 for king, 飛 for rook) ndi zofiira zamayiko otukuka (mwachitsanzo, 龍 kwa rook wokwezedwa). Kwa oyamba kumene, ma seti ena atha kukhala ndi zilembo zachingerezi kapena mapangidwe amitundu yakumadzulo (monga zithunzi za bishopu) kuti athandizire kuzindikira. Bolodi yowonetsera, kaya yakuthupi kapena yongoyerekeza, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokozera zoyambira, yokhala ndi zidutswa zazikuluzikulu zowonekera. Ophunzira amalandira zolembedwa zofotokozera mwachidule malamulo, kayendetsedwe ka zidutswa, ndi njira zoyambira, pamodzi ndi mndandanda wazinthu zapaintaneti ndi magulu a shogi am'deralo. Zosungira nthawi zomwe mungasankhe zitha kuperekedwa pamasewera oyeserera kuti ayesetse masewero ampikisano, ngakhale osaumirizidwa kwambiri pophunzirira. Zida zonse zimaperekedwa ndi Hyper Japan, kuwonetsetsa kupezeka kwa onse opezekapo.
Channel YouTube
Kuti mupitirize ulendo wanu wa shogi, kanema wa YouTube "Shogi Harbor" amapereka maphunziro abwino kwambiri, ndemanga zamasewera, ndi zidziwitso kuchokera kwa Karolina Styczyńska, wosewera woyamba wosakhala waku Japan wosewera shogi. Pitani ku tchanelo chawo pa https://www.youtube.com/@ShogiHarbour kwa oyambira ochezeka komanso njira zapamwamba.
Mbiri Yachidule ya Shogi
Shogi, yemwe amadziwika kuti Japanese chess, ndi masewera a osewera awiri omwe amakhala ndi malo olemekezeka pa chikhalidwe cha ku Japan, nthawi zambiri poyerekeza ndi zamatsenga monga haiku ndi miyambo ya tiyi. Chiyambi chake chimachokera ku masewera akale a ku India chaturanga, omwe adapangidwa m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chimodzi, omwe adayambitsanso masewera a Western chess, Chinese xiangqi, ndi masewera ena anzeru. Chaturanga mwina adafika ku Japan kudzera ku China kapena Korea munthawi ya Nara (6-710), akusintha kukhala mawonekedwe oyambilira ngati Heian shogi. Pofika m'zaka za zana la 794 kapena 15, shogi adatenga mawonekedwe ake amakono, kuphatikiza lamulo lodziwika bwino la "dontho", kulola kuti zidutswa zomwe zidalandidwa zikhazikitsidwenso, mwina molimbikitsidwa ndi ankhondo aku Japan. Lamuloli, lodziwika koyamba m'zaka za zana la 16, limasiyanitsa shogi ndi mitundu ina ya chess, kuchepetsa kukoka ndikuwonjezera kuya kwanzeru.
Munthawi ya Edo (1603-1868), shogi idakula motsogozedwa ndi shogunate ya Tokugawa, yomwe idathandizira dongosolo la iemoto lokhazikika pa mabanja atatu: Ōhashi (yayikulu ndi nthambi) ndi Itō. Mabanja amenewa ankalamulira shogi akatswiri, ndi maudindo ngati Meijin kukhala cholowa. Kubwezeretsa kwa Meiji mu 1868 kunathetsa dongosololi, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti bungwe la Tokyo Shogi Federation likhazikitsidwe mu 1924, pambuyo pake linadzatchedwa Japan Shogi Association (JSA), yomwe inasintha zochitika zamakono. JSA idakhazikitsa dongosolo la dan, pomwe osewera amapita ku 4-dan mpaka 9-dan, ndikukhazikitsa machesi akuluakulu monga Ryūō ndi Meijin, omwe akadali otchuka lero.
Kufunika kwa chikhalidwe cha Shogi kunakula pamene kunakhala chida cha kulingalira mwanzeru, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi maphunziro a samurai a njira zankhondo. Kuvuta kwa masewerawa, kumafuna kuwona zam'tsogolo komanso kusinthika chifukwa cha lamulo la dontho, kudapangitsa kuti ikhale yolemekezedwa mwanzeru. M'zaka za zana la 20, shogi adakopeka ndi anthu ambiri kudzera muzofalitsa komanso kukwera kwa osewera ngati Yoshiharu Habu, yemwe mu 1996 adakhala woyamba kukhala ndi maudindo akuluakulu asanu ndi awiri nthawi imodzi (tsopano eyiti ndi mutu wa Eiō). Chikoka cha Habu, pamodzi ndi nyenyezi zamakono ngati Sota Fujii, yemwe adachitanso chimodzimodzi mu 2023, adalimbikitsa kuyambiranso kwa shogi, makamaka pakati pa osewera achichepere.
Masewerawa amasewera pa bolodi ya 9 × 9 yokhala ndi zidutswa 20 pa wosewera aliyense, aliyense ali ndi mayendedwe apadera komanso luso lokwezera. Cholinga ndikuyang'ana mfumu ya mdaniyo (tsumi), ndi "oute" (cheke) kusonyeza kuopseza. Mosiyana ndi chess, lamulo la dontho la shogi limalola zidutswa zogwidwa kuti ziziyikidwa pamalo aliwonse opanda kanthu, malinga ndi zoletsa (mwachitsanzo, palibe madontho a pawn kuti ayang'ane). Makanikidwe awa, ophatikizidwa ndi zone zotsatsira, amapanga masewera osunthika pomwe kuwonongeka kwa zinthu kumakhala kosakhazikika poyerekeza ndi chess, zomwe zimapangitsa kubwereranso kukhala kotheka.
Chikhalidwe cha Shogi chimangopitilira masewera. Mzinda wa Tendo ku Yamagata Prefecture, malo opangira zidutswa za shogi kuyambira nthawi ya Edo, udasankhidwa kukhala malo opangira zaluso ku 1996. Chikondwerero chapachaka cha mzinda wa Cherry Blossom chimakhala ndi "shogi yaumunthu," pomwe osewera ovala zachikhalidwe amakhala ngati zidutswa, mwambo wolimbikitsidwa ndi machesi akunja a Toyotomi Hideyoshi m'zaka za zana la 16. Shogi amakhudzanso maphunziro, ndi mapulogalamu ngati "Animal Shogi" oyambitsa ana kumasulira osavuta kuti apange kuganiza mozama.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, shogi walandira ukadaulo, ndi mapulogalamu oyendetsedwa ndi AI akusintha maphunziro ndi kusanthula. Yoshiharu Habu adanenanso kuti mapulogalamu amakono a shogi, omangidwa pazitukuko zotseguka, amawunika masauzande masauzande a maudindo, kupititsa patsogolo kusewera mwanzeru. Mapulatifomu a pa intaneti ngati Lishogi apanga shogi padziko lonse lapansi, kulimbikitsa madera apadziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale kuti ndizovuta, kusakanikirana kwa miyambo ndi luso la shogi kukupitirizabe kukopa osewera padziko lonse lapansi, kulimbitsa udindo wake monga chuma cha chikhalidwe ndi luntha.
